The Ultimate Guide to Choosing a Home Air Conditioner in 2024
On the market for a new central or ductless AC system? Check out our guide for an in-depth look at home air conditioner varieties, efficiency standards, and pricing in Canada.
All About Air Conditioners
In Canada, we cherish the summer season — its sunny days, refreshing breezes, outdoor adventures, and festive gatherings. Yet, a malfunctioning air conditioner on a sweltering, muggy day can quickly spoil the fun.Selecting a new air conditioner is a significant choice for homeowners. We understand the urgency of gathering reliable, impartial details about your AC repair or replacement choices when your unit fails. That’s precisely why we’ve assembled this air conditioner purchasing guide, to assist you through each phase of the process.
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What is the Cost of an Air Conditioner?
The typical cost for a modern, high-efficiency air conditioner is between $3,899 and $6,000+, covering standard installation by a fully-insured, licensed firm, complete with a minimum one-year warranty and all necessary installation licenses.To delve deeper, the price of a new AC unit is influenced by five key elements:
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Types of air conditioners: central systems, ductless units, window models, wall-mounted options, or portable devices.
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Considerations for the environment: the efficiency of energy use, noise levels, air filtering alternatives (based on allergies or sensitivities), and options that increase comfort.
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Individual preferences: options for prolonged warranties, scheduled maintenance agreements, and assurances of service quality.
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Technical specifications: the dimensions of your residence, layout design, level count, pre-existing ductwork, and the BTU capacity required.
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Regulatory standards: adherence to safety protocols, licensing mandates, and construction code stipulations.
Air Conditioner Basics
In the subsequent segment, we will explore the typical topics and terminology you’ll come across during your exploration and acquisition of an air conditioner. This includes understanding when it’s time for a replacement, determining the appropriate size for your needs, and comprehending efficiency ratings.Understanding the Functioning of an Air Conditioner.
An air conditioner operates by pulling warm air from within the house and directing it across an evaporator coil. This coil captures the heat and diminishes the humidity, resulting in cooler air. The air conditioner then discharges the absorbed heat to the outside and circulates the chilled air back into the living space, enhancing comfort by lowering the temperature.
To carry out this cooling process, the majority of air conditioners are equipped with the following components:
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Compressor
- Condenser Coil
- Condenser Fan Motor
- Indoor Evaporator Coil
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Filter Dryer
- Blower Motor
- Refrigerant Metering Device
- Electrical Connections
Is It Time to Replace Your Air Conditioner
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The system is over 15 year old
- There’s a noticeable delay in cooling the house after starting the AC
- The AC system produces unusual noises such as banging, squeaking, or scraping sounds
- You’ve experienced repeated equipment failures, or the outdoor unit appears worn out
- Your energy bills are high, suggesting inefficient operation of an older AC unit
- The AC unit requires frequent repairs, indicating it may be more cost-effective to replace rather than maintain
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The system uses R-22 refrigerant, which is being phased out due to environmental concerns, making maintenance increasingly expensive and challenging
Upgrading from R22 to R410A System
The shift from R22 to R410A refrigerant in air conditioners is an environmental imperative, driven by the need to protect the ozone layer and reduce global warming potential. R22 is being phased out globally, and R410A is the chosen alternative due to its lower environmental impact. Upgrading to R410A requires replacing significant parts of the AC system. This transition is supported by regulations from Environment Canada and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which provide guidelines for the phase-out process. While the upgrade involves initial costs, it offers long-term benefits in environmental protection and system efficiency.
SEER Ratings and Air Conditioner Efficiency Guide
SEER rating is like a score for how well an air conditioner uses electricity to cool your home. The higher the SEER rating, the less electricity the air conditioner needs to keep your place cool, which means it’s better for the environment and your wallet because it costs less to run. Think of it like miles per gallon for cars – a higher SEER rating means your AC is getting more cooling ‘miles’ out of every ‘gallon’ of electricity.
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The system is over 15 year old
- There’s a noticeable delay in cooling the house after starting the AC
- The AC system produces unusual noises such as banging, squeaking, or scraping sounds
- You’ve experienced repeated equipment failures, or the outdoor unit appears worn out
- Your energy bills are high, suggesting inefficient operation of an older AC unit
- The AC unit requires frequent repairs, indicating it may be more cost-effective to replace rather than maintain
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The system uses R-22 refrigerant, which is being phased out due to environmental concerns, making maintenance increasingly expensive and challenging
How much electricity does a typical 14 SEER air conditioner use?
To calculate the cost of running a typical 14 SEER 2-ton air conditioner, we’ll use the average electricity rate in Vaughan, Ontario, which is 14.1 cents per kWh*. Given that a 2-ton AC unit uses between 0.96 kWh and 1.71 kWh per hour, let’s calculate the cost for both the lower and upper usage estimates:
Lower Estimate:
Cost per hour=0.96 kWh×$0.141 per kWh
Cost per hour=$0.13536
Upper Estimate:
Cost per hour=1.71 kWh×$0.141 per kWh
Cost per hour=$0.24111
Now, assuming the AC runs for an average of 8 hours per day during the cooling season (about 4 months or 120 days), the annual cost would be:
Lower Estimate:
Annual cost=$0.13536 per hour×8 hours per day×120 days
Annual cost=$129.94
Upper Estimate:
Annual cost=$0.24111 per hour×8 hours per day×120 days
Annual cost=$231.46
So, the annual cost to run a typical 14 SEER 2-ton air conditioner in Vaughan, Ontario, would range from approximately $129.94 to $231.46, depending on usage and conditions. Please note that this is a rough estimate and actual costs can vary based on specific usage patterns and local electricity rates.
What Size Air Conditioner is Right for Your Home?
When picking an air conditioner, remember:
- Size Up Your Room: Measure the room’s square footage by multiplying its length by width
- Sun and Crowd Factor: More sun or people means you’ll need more cooling power
- Easy Math: Multiply the room’s square footage by 20 to estimate how many BTUs (cooling power) you need
- High Ceilings?: If your ceilings are above 8 feet, consider a stronger AC
- Rule of Thumb: Generally, you’ll want about 1 ton of cooling capacity for every 1,000 square feet
- Choose Wisely: Match your BTU needs to the right AC. A bit too strong is better than too weak
Cooling system choices
Central Air Conditioner Types
Central Home Air Conditioner
Central air conditioners are a favoured option in Ontario, Canada, ideal for medium to large family homes, including those with several levels. On average, including installation, a central air conditioner is priced between $3,899 and $6,000 Plus. This system strikes an excellent balance in terms of cost, efficiency, and durability.Here’s a breakdown of the types of central AC units:
Single-Stage Units: These units toggle between on and off, which, while simple, is the least efficient method. They’re commonly found in basic, entry-level models.
Dual-Stage Units: These operate at a lower capacity in cooler conditions and ramp up when it’s hotter, offering improved efficiency and a more comfortable indoor climate. These units are typically found in mid-range systems.
Variable Speed Units: At the pinnacle of efficiency, variable speed units adjust their cooling output to precisely match the cooling demand. This not only maximizes energy efficiency but also enhances overall comfort.
Each type of unit offers different benefits, and the choice depends on your specific needs and budget considerations. When selecting an air conditioner, it’s important to consider the long-term energy savings alongside the initial investment.
Central Air Conditioner Installation
Installing a central air conditioner is a complex task that requires adherence to refrigerant regulations and specific modifications to your furnace. This is not a project suitable for DIY due to the expertise needed for safe installation. Typically, the installation process can be completed within a day, but it’s not advisable to do it during winter months.Central air conditioners come in a variety of models, from basic to advanced, with the latter featuring higher efficiency and smart technology integration like thermostats and sensors.It’s important not to get overwhelmed by the brand names. Instead, prioritize the correct size and quality installation to ensure your unit runs efficiently for a long time.When you’re ready to buy a new air conditioner, an HVAC company will likely send a specialist to your home to assess your needs and provide a tailored recommendation.
They will consider :
- The age of your home
- The insulation type and quality of your ceiling and walls
- The number and type of windows
- Any issues with your current AC or uneven cooling in your home
Based on this assessment, they’ll calculate the necessary size and power for your new AC unit.For your protection, choose a company that is fully insured and licensed with relevant authorities such as the WSIB, ESA, and TSSA. This ensures that your installation is conducted safely and to the highest standards.
Advantages of Central Air Conditioner
- Effective Cooling for Multiple Rooms: Central AC cools multiple rooms simultaneously through ducts and vents.
- Simplified Maintenance: Only one unit to maintain, unlike individual room units.
- Centralized Air Filtration: Improved air quality with fewer filters to manage.
- Lower Energy Consumption: One unit operates at a time, reducing energy use.
- Consistent Temperatures: Maintains uniform comfort throughout the space.
- Reduced Noise Level: Noisy components are placed outside.
- Dual Functionality: Provides both cooling and heating capabilities.
- User-Friendly Operation: Easily controlled via thermostat or remote.
DUCTLESS Air Conditioner
Ductless air conditioners offer a versatile cooling solution, especially for homes without traditional furnace ductwork or those plagued by persistent hot spots. Whether you’re retrofitting an in-law suite or simply seeking efficient climate control, ductless systems have you covered.
DUCTLESS Air Conditioner Installation
Installing a ductless split unit requires professional expertise due to its use of refrigerants and electrical wiring integration with the home’s panel. Here are the key points to consider:
- Professional Installation: Engage a licensed technician for proper installation. They’ll handle refrigerant connections and electrical work. The complexity of the installation, including the number of indoor units, determines the duration (usually 1-2 days).
- Winter Limitations: While partial installation is possible, thorough testing is essential. A complete ductless system installation during winter isn’t recommended.
- Common Choice: Ductless AC units are popular among households. Major HVAC brands offer various models, catering to different needs.
- Advanced Features: Look for advanced models with higher efficiency and convenient features like remote-controlled temperature adjustments.
- Sizing Matters: Just like central air systems, choosing the right size is critical for optimal performance and system longevity.
- Quality Installer: Invest in a skilled installer to ensure seamless operation and longevity.
- Consultation: Consider a free in-home consultation to tailor the system to your unique cooling requirements.
Advantages of Central Air Conditioner
- No Ductwork Required: Ductless AC units bypass the need for extensive duct installation. They deliver cool air directly to the desired areas, ensuring efficient cooling without the hassle of ducts.
- Targeted Comfort: Hot spots? Uneven cooling? Ductless systems allow precise temperature control in specific zones, eliminating discomfort.
- Renovation-Friendly: When expanding your home or adding an in-law suite, ductless ACs seamlessly integrate without major modifications.
- Year-Round Functionality: In Canada’s varying climate, consider a ductless split system with a heat pump. It provides both cooling and heating capabilities, keeping you comfortable throughout the seasons.
- Cost Range: Quality ductless air conditioners typically fall within the $4,000* to $6,000*+ range after installation.
Air Conditioner Maintenance, Tune-up and Repair
Dealing with a malfunctioning or under performing home cooling system during the scorching summer heat can be incredibly frustrating. Before reaching out to a service technician, consider these basic maintenance and diagnostic steps:
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Clean or replace air filters
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Clear debris around outdoor units
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Check thermostat settings
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Inspect and seal ducts
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Test system early
Common Air Conditioner Problems
Understanding the issues with your air conditioner is crucial. If you observe any of the following problems, it’s probable that your unit requires repair or replacement.
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Air Conditioner Running All The Time: Change the air filter or consult an HVAC expert
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Refrigerant Leak: Call repair professional
- Water Leak: Check the filter and avoid using AC in very cold weather
- Loud Noise: Investigate and seek professional help
- Dirty Filters: Regularly clean and replace filters
- Indoor Leaks: Clear clogs or broken parts
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Refrigerant Loss: Call a professional